Psychological First Aid (PFA) is an evidence-based, modular approach designed to support children, adolescents, adults, and families in the immediate aftermath of disasters and acts of terrorism. PFA Mobile™ is a supplemental resource that trained individuals can use before, during, and after disaster response efforts. It is available for download on iOS and Android at https://www.nctsn.org/resources/pfa-mobile.
Common Reactions to Crisis
People react to disaster in different ways. It's common to feel overwhelmed, confused, or uncertain about what is happening. You may experience fear, anxiety, or even numbness and detachment. While some individuals may have mild reactions, others may experience more severe responses. If you or someone you know is having thoughts of self-harm or harming others, seek immediate help at your nearest emergency room.
Delayed Reactions in Caregivers and First Responders
Once the immediate crisis subsides, those in caregiving roles or first responders may begin to feel the emotional impact. This delayed reaction is often due to their initial focus on caring for others, leaving little room for processing their own feelings in the moment.
Coping Strategies
Everyone has their own way of coping, but in times of crisis like Post-Helene, it’s essential to rely on positive strategies. Positive coping mechanisms can help you regain a sense of control and mental strength.
Positive Coping Strategies:
Take care of basic needs: Get adequate rest, eat regularly, and stay hydrated. If you’re a caregiver, first responder, or assisting with clean-up efforts, make sure you prioritize self-care by eating, drinking water, and resting whenever possible.
Establish a routine: Even small routines, such as preparing daily drinking water, can help restore a sense of normalcy and psychological relief.
Connect with others: Spend time with family and friends, and talk with someone you trust about your feelings. Engage in relaxing activities such as walking, singing, praying, or playing with children.
Physical activity: Regular exercise can alleviate stress.
Get involved: Helping others during the crisis or participating in community activities can foster a sense of purpose and connection.
Negative Coping Strategies to Avoid:
Avoid drugs, excessive alcohol use, and smoking.
Don’t oversleep or isolate yourself from friends and loved ones.
Avoid overworking without breaks.
Don’t neglect personal hygiene.
Avoid violent behaviors.
Supporting Children
For children, it’s crucial to keep them with their caregivers and family members whenever possible. Do not leave children unattended. If no child protection services are available, take action to locate their caregivers or contact other family members who can care for them.
Protect children from exposure to traumatic scenes, such as injured people or destroyed environments, and shield them from hearing distressing stories about the event. Limit their exposure to the media or individuals not part of the emergency response who may seek to interview them.
When interacting with children, remain calm, speak kindly, and listen to their thoughts. Engage with them at their level, using age-appropriate language and explanations. Try to involve them in play or simple conversations that align with their interests.
Children often have their own ways of coping, so learning what works for them and supporting their positive strategies is important. Older children and adolescents can also contribute meaningfully during crises, which can help them feel more in control. Offering them safe, age-appropriate ways to assist can be empowering.
About the Author:Jessica Conant is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who served 11 years in the U.S. Air Force. She has been part of multiple teams providing Disaster Mental Health support.
Comments